freshwater and migratory saltwater
Rainbow Trout
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Streamlined, torpedo-shaped body with a distinct broad pinkish-red band along the lateral line. Olive to greenish-blue back, silvery-white belly, and numerous small black spots covering the back, dorsal fin, adipose fin, and tail fin. Small cycloid scales.
- Habitat
- Native to cold-water tributaries of the Pacific Ocean in…
- Size & weight
- Typically 12 to 30 inches (30 to 76 cm) and 1 to 8 pound…
- Diet
- Carnivorous, feeding primarily on aquatic and terrestria…
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Physical characteristics
Streamlined, torpedo-shaped body with a distinct broad pinkish-red band along the lateral line. Olive to greenish-blue back, silvery-white belly, and numerous small black spots covering the back, dorsal fin, adipose fin, and tail fin. Small cycloid scales.
Habitat & distribution
Native to cold-water tributaries of the Pacific Ocean in Asia and North America. Widely introduced globally. Prefers cool, clear streams, rivers, and deep lakes.
Behavior
Generally solitary or found in loose aggregations. Territorial in feeding lanes within streams. Diurnal, being most active during daylight hours.
Diet
Carnivorous, feeding primarily on aquatic and terrestrial insects, crustaceans, small fish, and fish eggs.
Reproduction
Spawns in the spring. Females dig a shallow depression in gravel beds called a redd to deposit eggs, which are then fertilized by males before being covered with gravel.
Ecological role
Acts as both a mid-level predator feeding on aquatic invertebrates and small fish, and as prey for larger fish, birds of prey, and mammals, playing a crucial part in aquatic food webs.
Similar species
Cutthroat trout, which can be distinguished by the prominent red or orange slash beneath the lower jaw.
Identification tips
Look for the signature pink/red lateral stripe, heavily spotted tail fin, and square-ish caudal fin.
Interesting facts
Rainbow trout that migrate to the ocean and return to freshwater to spawn are known as steelhead. They are capable of making impressive leaps out of the water when hooked or navigating obstacles.